NTC thermistors provide high resistance at startup to limit current, then drop to a very low resistance during operation, minimizing power loss compared to a fixed resistor.
Inrush Current Limiters (ICL) Component Intelligence
Mitigate power-up surges and protect downstream components from high-energy transients.
What are Inrush Current Limiters (ICL) components?
ICLs, primarily NTC thermistors, prevent damage by offering high resistance at cold start, which drops as the device heats up. They are essential for protecting capacitors and rectifiers from the massive current spikes typical of capacitive loads at power-on.
How to Choose Inrush Current Limiters (ICL) Components
Selecting the right ICL requires balancing steady-state current capacity with the energy handling required during the initial surge.
Zero-Power Resistance
Determines the initial current limiting capability at ambient temperature. Higher values provide better protection but increase power dissipation.
Steady-State Current
Ensure the ICL can handle the continuous operating current of your circuit without overheating or failing.
Energy Rating (Joules)
Must be sufficient to absorb the energy stored in the input capacitors during the initial charge cycle.
Thermal Recovery Time
Consider how quickly the ICL cools down after power-off; if the system is cycled rapidly, the ICL may not provide adequate protection.
Package Size
Physical dimensions must accommodate the power dissipation requirements and fit within the enclosure's thermal constraints.
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