Espressif ESP32-C6 Wi-Fi 6 + BLE 5 SoC
Andino Smart Home IoT Circuit
Overview
A compact Wi-Fi and Bluetooth-enabled IoT smart home device designed for low-volume consumer deployment with USB/AC power.
sakthi vigneshSystem architecture
POWER
MCU
SENSOR
- AC_DC_CONVERTER → POWER_MANAGEMENTPowerDelivers 5V rectified power from AC mains.
- USB_INTERFACE → POWER_MANAGEMENTPowerDelivers 5V USB power via OR-ing diode.
- POWER_MANAGEMENT → MCU_RFPowerPowers the main wireless MCU.
- POWER_MANAGEMENT → SENSOR_IOPowerPowers the environmental sensor.
- MCU_RF → SENSOR_IOI2CI2C communication bus for environmental sensor readings.
Bill of materials
| Part number | Type | Component | Manufacturer | Package | Qty | Datasheet | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HLK-2M05 | POWER | Hi-Link HLK-2M05 AC-DC Power Module Steps down AC Mains (90-264V) to regulated 5V DC output. | AI-SENSING | Module | 1 | Matched | |
| USB4105-GF-A | POWER | USB Type-C Port & Schottky Diode OR-ing Provides 5V bench power and data programming interface, OR-ed with AC-DC output. | Global Connector Technology | SMD | 1 | Matched | |
| RT9013-33GB | POWER | RT9013-33GB 3.3V LDO Regulator Steps down 5V DC to stable 3.3V logic rail. | TECH PUBLIC | SOT23-5 | 1 | Matched | |
2 alternatives consideredAI verified | |||||||
| ESP32-C6-MINI-1-N4 | MCU | Espressif ESP32-C6 Wi-Fi 6 + BLE 5 SoC Main system microcontroller providing Wi-Fi, Bluetooth LE, and smart home control logic. | Espressif Systems | SMD-53P | 1 | Matched | |
2 alternatives consideredAI verified | |||||||
| SHT40-AD1B-R2 | SENSOR | Sensirion SHT40 Temperature & Humidity Sensor Measures ambient indoor temperature and relative humidity. | Sensirion | 4-WDFN Exposed Pad | 1 | Matched | |
1 alternatives consideredAI verified | |||||||
Build guide
6-8 hoursAdvanced
1
Procurement & Preparation
- Source and inventory all Bill of Materials components including Hi-Link HLK-2M05 AC-DC module, USB4105-GF-A Type-C connector, RT9013-33GB LDO regulator, ESP32-C6-MINI-1-N4 module, SHT40-AD1B-R2 sensor, and dual Schottky diodes for power OR-ing.
- Prepare the custom printed circuit board (PCB) design, verifying the 5V power OR-ing layout between the HLK-2M05 AC-DC converter output and the USB Type-C VBUS line using low-forward-drop Schottky diodes to prevent back-feeding.
2
Hardware Assembly & Wiring
- Solder surface mount passive components, decoupling capacitors, and the USB4105-GF-A Type-C port onto the bottom layer of the PCB using a reflow stencil and paste.
- Mount and solder the RT9013-33GB 3.3V LDO regulator and the SHT40 temperature/humidity sensor onto their designated I2C and power signal pads.
- Position and solder the ESP32-C6-MINI-1-N4 module onto the top side of the board, ensuring correct orientation with respect to the pin 1 marker and antenna clearance zone.
- Install the through-hole Hi-Link HLK-2M05 AC-DC power module, connecting its AC input terminals to mains input traces and its 5V DC output to the power OR-ing circuit.
3
Firmware Setup
- Connect the assembled board to a host computer via a USB Type-C cable to establish a serial communication and programming link through the ESP32-C6 built-in USB-to-UART bridge.
- Configure the development environment using ESP-IDF or Arduino IDE, installing required libraries for Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth LE stack, and the Sensirion SHT40 I2C driver.
- Compile and flash the firmware binary onto the ESP32-C6-MINI-1-N4 module, implementing reading routines for the SHT40 sensor over I2C (SDA/SCL) and network communication logic.
4
Testing & Calibration
- Perform a continuity and insulation resistance test on the assembled PCB to verify zero short-circuits between 3.3V, 5V, and GND rails before applying power.
- Power the device via USB Type-C bench supply and measure output voltages at the RT9013 LDO output (3.3V) and power OR-ing node (5V) to ensure stable power rail regulation.
- Apply AC mains power (90-264V AC) to the Hi-Link HLK-2M05 module input terminals and verify proper autonomous operation and stable 5V output conversion.
- Test Wi-Fi 6 and Bluetooth LE connectivity by scanning for nearby networks and broadcasting smart home status packets, and calibrate SHT40 temperature/humidity sensor readings against a reference instrument.
Document
Andino Smart Home IoT Circuit
A compact Wi-Fi and Bluetooth-enabled IoT smart home device designed for low-volume consumer deployment with USB/AC power.
Executive Summary
This reference design defines the system architecture, critical component candidates, risk register, and validation path for Consumer IoT Smart Home Device. It is a system-level design deliverable; verify critical claims with manufacturer evidence and prototype testing before production release.
Design Overview
Requirements Coverage
| Requirement | Architecture coverage | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Wi-Fi and Bluetooth BLE connectivity | Pending validation | Needs verification |
| USB 5V and AC Mains power input | Pending validation | Needs verification |
| Compact form factor under 50x50mm | Pending validation | Needs verification |
| Smart home automation and control | Pending validation | Needs verification |
| Item | Details |
|---|---|
| Product Type | Consumer IoT Smart Home Device |
| Key Functions | Wi-Fi and Bluetooth BLE connectivity, USB 5V and AC Mains power input, Compact form factor under 50x50mm, Smart home automation and control |
| Power Source | USB Power (5V) / AC Mains adapter |
| Connectivity | WiFi, Bluetooth |
| Size | Under 50x50mm compact wearable/handheld |
| Environment | indoor |
| Difficulty | Advanced |
| Est. Time | 6-8 hours |
System Architecture
Power Topology: Dual AC Mains (90-264V) via Hi-Link module or USB 5V input fed into a common 5V rail, stepped down via LDO to 3.3V for the MCU and sensors.
Module List
| Module ID | Type | Name | Function | Voltage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AC_DC_CONVERTER | POWER | Hi-Link HLK-2M05 AC-DC Power Module | Steps down AC Mains (90-264V) to regulated 5V DC output. | 5V |
| USB_INTERFACE | POWER | USB Type-C Port & Schottky Diode OR-ing | Provides 5V bench power and data programming interface, OR-ed with AC-DC output. | 5V |
| POWER_MANAGEMENT | POWER | RT9013-33GB 3.3V LDO Regulator | Steps down 5V DC to stable 3.3V logic rail. | 3.3V |
| MCU_RF | MCU | Espressif ESP32-C6 Wi-Fi 6 + BLE 5 SoC | Main system microcontroller providing Wi-Fi, Bluetooth LE, and smart home control logic. | 3.3V |
| SENSOR_IO | SENSOR | Sensirion SHT40 Temperature & Humidity Sensor | Measures ambient indoor temperature and relative humidity. | 3.3V |
Power Tree and Signal Interfaces
| From | To | Type | Interface / rail | Voltage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AC_DC_CONVERTER | POWER_MANAGEMENT | power | Power | 5V |
| USB_INTERFACE | POWER_MANAGEMENT | power | Power | 5V |
| POWER_MANAGEMENT | MCU_RF | power | Power | 3.3V |
| POWER_MANAGEMENT | SENSOR_IO | power | Power | 3.3V |
| MCU_RF | SENSOR_IO | data | I2C | 3.3V |
Design Schemes
Integrated AC-DC Power Module with Wi-Fi/BLE SoC ★
Ultra-compact smart home IoT device utilizing an onboard AC-DC module and USB 5V OR-ing, powered by an ESP32-C6 Wi-Fi/BLE SoC.
Trade-offs: Higher component density and thermal management considerations within <50x50mm footprint.
Key IC selection
main MCU and wireless SoC
- Need: Provide dual-protocol connectivity (Wi-Fi 6 and BLE 5) with sufficient processing power for smart home automation under low power consumption.
- Class: 32-bit RISC-V Wi-Fi/BLE Wireless Microcontroller SoC
- Shortlist: Espressif ESP32-C6 series, Realtek RTL8720Cx series
- Pick: Select commercial grade QFN32 package variant from distributor stock balancing price, availability, and integrated flash memory size.
AC-DC power supply module
- Need: Compactly convert universal AC mains voltage (90-264VAC) to an isolated 5V DC output fitting inside a <50x50mm enclosure.
- Class: Encapsulated PCB-mount AC-DC power module
- Shortlist: Hi-Link HLK-2M05, Mean Well IRM-02-5
- Pick: Select exact module MPN based on physical dimensions, output current rating (0.4A), and safety certification compliance.
3.3V LDO regulator
- Need: Regulate 5V down to 3.3V with high PSRR and low quiescent current to support sensitive RF circuits without adding excessive thermal overhead.
- Class: Low-Dropout (LDO) linear voltage regulator
- Shortlist: Richtek RT9013-33GB, Advanced Monolithic Systems AMS1117-3.3, Microchip MCP1825
- Pick: Select SOT-23-5 package variant with optimal thermal resistance and output current rating matching peak RF burst requirements.
Risk register
| ID | Area | Severity | Detail | Mitigation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| r1 | thermal | high | Enclosed 50x50mm housing containing an AC-DC power module and Wi-Fi radio can trap heat, causing local ambient temperature elevation that distorts the internal SHT40 sensor readings. | Place the SHT40 sensor physically isolated on the PCB edge away from the HLK-2M05 power module and ESP32-C6, and implement a firmware software compensation algorithm for self-heating. |
| r2 | emi | high | Compact integration of a high-voltage switching AC-DC power supply module directly adjacent to a 2.4GHz Wi-Fi/BLE antenna risks conducted and radiated EMI desensing the radio. | Ensure proper physical clearance/creepage distance on the PCB between high-voltage AC traces and low-voltage DC/RF sections, add filtering capacitors on the 5V rail, and shield sensitive RF traces. |
| r3 | power | med | OR-ing the AC-DC module output and USB 5V via Schottky diodes will introduce a forward voltage drop, potentially lowering the input voltage to the RT9013 LDO and reducing its dropout headroom during peak Wi-Fi transmission bursts. | Select low-forward-voltage Schottky diodes (e.g., SS14 or similar with low Vf at operating currents) or evaluate an active power multiplexer circuit to minimize voltage drop. |
Bring-up and Validation Plan
- Power-off inspection and rail resistance checks
- Current-limited first power-up; verify every rail before enabling loads
- Validate interfaces and timing one subsystem at a time
- Run thermal, fault-injection, EMC pre-scan, and endurance tests for the target environment
Key Components
5/5 modules matched to real parts. See the BOM tab for the full component table.
Hi-Link HLK-2M05 AC-DC Power Module (HLK-2M05)
Candidate 1 matches the primary MPN HLK-2M05.
USB Type-C Port & Schottky Diode OR-ing (USB4105-GF-A)
The candidate's MPN (USB4105-GF-A) exactly matches the primary MPN and the manufacturer (Global Connector Technology / G
RT9013-33GB 3.3V LDO Regulator (RT9013-33GB)
Candidate 2 exactly matches the primary MPN RT9013-33GB and aligns with the preferred manufacturer profile.
Espressif ESP32-C6 Wi-Fi 6 + BLE 5 SoC (ESP32-C6-MINI-1-N4)
Candidate 2 (ESP32-C6FH4) matches the primary MPN prefix and is manufactured by Espressif Systems. Candidate 1 is a modu
Build Summary
- Difficulty: Advanced
- Estimated time: 6-8 hours
- Tools required: Antistatic mat, Digital multimeter, Solder stencil, Solder paste, Reflow oven or hot air station, Soldering iron
See the Build tab for the full step-by-step assembly guide.
Evidence and Limitations
- Confirm part parameters, certifications, and compatibility against current manufacturer documents.
- Treat industry compliance without test or certificate evidence as a compliance gap, not an approval.
- See Reference Images for visual artifacts and Build Guide for detailed assembly and bring-up steps.